Why do I need DNS? contents.gifprev1.gifnext1.gif

Why do I need DNS?

Note:

WinGate will now configure DNS for the client machines via DHCP. This section is retained for historical reasons

For anything to work at all, the WinGate machine must have a working DNS setup. For the rest of your LAN, that will be accessing the Internet through WinGate, you have the option of setting it up or not.

The following are the main reasons why you may want to set up DNS on your LAN

1. You want to use SOCKS to access FTP or Gopher or HTTPS URLs in a browser.

2. You want to run some other SOCKS capable software

3. You have a large LAN and you want name resolution for the machines on your LAN.

None of the proxies in WinGate other than SOCKS require DNS to be working on the machines on your LAN.

One of the quirks of the SOCKS protocol is that a request for a connection is made in the form of a request for connection to an IP number. This means that a SOCKS client needs to be able to look up addresses in order to supply this IP number to the SOCKS server.

For this reason, the DNS server was added to WinGate. If you already have DNS on your internal network, and it has sufficient scope to resolve all the names you wish to connect to, then you will not need to run the DNS server in order to use the SOCKS server. You should not enable the DNS server in WinGate if you are already running a DNS server on the same machine - this will mess up your DNS server.

You WILL need to enable the DNS on your LAN however.

If you are using the DNS server in WinGate, you should set the DNS Server settings for your LAN adapters (on all machines EXCEPT the wingate machine) to be the IP number of the wingate machine.

There are a lot of very good resources on the Internet, which will help you to set this all up. In particular, the following page will most likely be able to help you if you run into difficulties:

http://www.windows95.com/connect/

Also the Qbik New Zealand Web pages will always contain the latest infomation about Qbik products such as WinGate.

http://www.qbik.com/

Remember that IP numbers have to be unique for machines on the same network? Well, you can think of the entire Internet as a single network. But your LAN is probably not on the same network, even if one of the machines (i.e. the wingate machine) is on the Internet. You see, it is not so much a computer being on the Internet as a computer interface, whether this be a LAN card or a serial port to your modem. The Internet can see the interface that is connected, but no further.

This means that you can choose any number you like for the machines on your LAN. However it isnt a good idea to choose just any old thing, because you have to think of the situation the wingate machine is in.

The wingate machine can see the entire Internet, and your LAN. So, you dont want to confuse it by giving your LAN the same addresses that the wingate machine can see on the Internet.

Fortunately some smart person already thought of this one, and so a whole heap of addresses have been kept aside for just this purpose. These addresses are called private addresses and are not meant to be available anywhere on the Internet. Therefore, by using them on your LAN, there wont ever be any confusion for the wingate machine.

Depending on the number of machines on your LAN, you probably will want to use a c-class (256 interfaces) address range. A good one to use is

192.168.0.*

the corresponding subnet mask will be 255.255.255.0

Anything in the range 192.168.0.x through to 192.168.255.x is usable for these purposes.

You should set up your LAN using numbers in this range. You should need no other settings in the TCP/IP setup of your LAN machines, except that on the wingate machine, you need an entry for DNS server, which will be the IP number given to you by your service provider. If you have been using the Internet before getting hold of WinGate, then this will have already been set up for you.

Note

For getting started, you may like to put an entry for the wingate machine in the hosts file of each of your LAN machines. Or if you are running a DNS server, you should put it in there, and make sure all your LAN machines are pointing to it - except for the wingate machine, which should use the DNS server of your Internet Service Provider.

An example may be (if you are using the 192.168.0.* private c-class addresses on your LAN, which I recommend)

192.168.0.1 wingate

remember you must put an enter at the end of the last line in hosts file, else it may not be recognised.